MONITORING INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE USING OPTIC NERVE SHEATH DIAMETERIN NON-TRAUMA EMERGENCY PATIENTS

Introduction  Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is a vital element in the diagnosis and management of several neurological disorders, such as head injury, hydrocephalus, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracranial hematoma.  The optic nerve sheath direct contact with space. This relationship provides physiological foundation for using to assess pressure. Since loosely attached nerve, space this region more distensible, appears bulbous on ultrasound. Dilation sheath, contrast papilloedema, occurs faster, can be sign increased  The advancements ultrasound modalities enabled researchers enhance diameter (ONSD) measurements, further research that concentrated determining best distance behind globe measure OSND. According 1996 study, ONSD by up 60% at 3 mm compared only 35% 10 mm. Later studies showed measuring should performed globe, since superior depth linear probe, allowing reproducibility.